Chemistry Term Paper :: essays research papers

natural interpersonal chemistry is the study of essentially all substances containing carbon. Organic compounds that contain only carbon and henry are called hydrocarbons. The simplest hydrocarbons are the alkanes which contain only single covalent bonds. Methane is the simplest alkane. It is also the major component of natural gas. Methane contains only 1 carbon in the molecular formula and the structural formula. There is ethane which is 2 carbons, propane that is 3, entirelyane which is 4, pentane which is 5 and so on. There are also alkenes. Alkenes are hydrocarbons containing carbon-carbon double covalent bonds, and last but not least there is the alkynes which are hydrocarbons containing carbon-carbon triple covalent bonds. They also have different names. Alkanes end with ane. Alkenes end with ene, and alkynes end with yne. In organic chemistry there are also isomers, isomers are One of two or more compounds that have the same chemical formula but different arrangements of the atoms at heart the molecules and that may have different physical/chemical properties. For example, CH3OCH3 and C2H5OH are isomers. They both have the same amount of carbon atoms but are arranged differently. Organic chemistry is used EVERYWHERE. For example methane, which is a gas produced by flatulence, that gas is also found in marshes. An acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions when fade away in water. Therefore, the chemical formulas of acids are of the general form HX, where X is a monatomic or polyatomic ion. When the name of the anion ends in ide, the acid name begins with the affix hydro-. The stem of the anion has the suffix ic and is followed by the word acid. Therefore, HCL is named hydrochloric acid. When the anion name ends in ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix ous, followed by the word acid. Thus H2SO3 is named acidulous acid. When the anion name ends in ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix ic, followed b y the word acid. Thus HNO3 is named Nitric acid. A base is a compound that produced hydrated oxide ions when dissolved in water. Ionic compounds that are bases are named in the same way as any other ionic compoundthe name of the cation followed by the name of the anion. For example, NaOH a base used in making soap and detergents is called sodium hydroxide.